Abstract: Ostrich leather, as one of the three top-grade leathers, has unique natural and rare feather holes, and is light, soft and durable. It is widely used to produce high-grade exquisite leather bags, shoes, garment, car cushion and other leather goods, but at present, its identification method needs to be improved. Herein, an ultra-depth field 3D microscope was used to observe the grain surface and cross section of different typical parts of ostrich leather, and its key distinguishing features were extracted. These key identification features can be used in collaboration with the relevant national standards for leather identification, which can quickly and accurately identify ostrich leather, and provide a reference for detection institutions, leather goods manufacturers and sales enterprises to identify the real and fake ostrich leather materials.