Abstract: 3D printing can be used to create scaffolds for promoting tissue repair and regeneration by precisely controlling the composition and spatial distribution patterns of cells and biomaterials. Collagen, an important component of the extracellular matrix in animal tissues, has been used as a 3D printing bioink for a variety of tissue regeneration due to its excellent biocompatibility. Defects in oral and craniomaxillofacial tissue can have a significant impact on the function and appearance of patients. However, current clinical treatments cannot restore their original anatomical structure and physiological function completely. This article reviews the current commonly used 3D bioprinting technologies, and the sources and extraction methods of collagen, cell-laden and cell-free collagen-based bioinks. The applications of 3D printed collagen-based materials in pulp-dentin complexes, periodontal tissues, bone, cartilage, and skin regeneration are highlighted. We also envision the future development of collagen-based bioinks for biomedicine applications.