Abstract: In this review, the preparation methods and self-assembly properties of aquatic collagen were reviewed. In the preparation part of aquatic collagen, the progress of collagen extraction pretreatment, acid extraction, acid/enzyme extraction and the corresponding auxiliary extraction methods were reviewed, as well as the effects of different factors such as fish species, growth environments and tissue anatomical sites on collagen yield were discussed. In the self-assembly properties part of aquatic collagen, the methods and regulation of self-assembly of aquatic collagen were reviewed.