高Z-天然皮革复合γ射线屏蔽材料的制备及性能研究
Preparation of High Z-Natural Leather Composites and their γ-rays Shielding Performances Investigation
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摘要: 以天然皮革（CL）为基础材料,通过“等体积浸渍法”将高Z元素引入天然皮革中,制备了γ射线复合屏蔽材料（HZ-CL）。采用241Am（59.6 keV）和152Eu（121.78 keV）放射源对不同厚度、高Z元素和负载量的HZ-CL进行γ射线屏蔽性能测试,结果发现,HZ-CL的屏蔽性能随着复合材料的厚度和负载量的增加而提升。此外,Ba-CL对241Am屏蔽效果明显优于Bi-CL,而Bi-CL对152Eu屏蔽效果更好。当厚度为0.8 mm,Ba的负载量为5.46 mmol·cm-3时,Ba5.46-CL屏蔽材料对241Am放射源（59.6 keV）的质量衰减系数达到4.42 cm2·g-1。当厚度为0.8 mm,Bi的负载量为5.46 mmol·cm-3时,Bi5.46-CL屏蔽材料对152Eu（121.78 keV）放射源的质量衰减系数达到1.33 cm2·g-1。其中,0.8 mm的Ba5.46-CL对59.6 keV能量的屏蔽性能与0.1 mm铅板（54.54 mmol·cm-3）相近。此外,γ射线屏蔽材料的物理机械性能的测试结果表明,HZ-CL除了具有密度小、柔软等特点外,还提高了天然皮革的抗张强度和撕裂强度,显示出良好的应用前景。Abstract: In this work, natural leather (CL)-based high-Z composites (HZ-CL) were successfully prepared by “equivalent-volume impregnation method”. The effects of different thicknesses, high-Z element kinds and loading contents of HZ-CL on shielding performances of γ-rays in incident of 59.6 keV (241Am) and 121.78 keV (152Eu) were thoroughly investigated. It demonstrated that the prepared composites with higher thickness and element content exhibited better shielding performances. Furthermore, the shielding performances of Ba-CL was obviously higher than that of Bi-CL in incident of 59.6 keV. Meanwhile, Bi-CL decayed more γ-rays energy than Ba-CL in incident of 121.78 keV. Additionally, the mass attenuation coefficient of Ba5.46-CL was 4.42 cm2·g-1 in incident of 59.6 keV, while it was 1.33 cm2·g-1 for that of Bi5.46-CL (0.8 mm) in incident of 121.78 keV. The protection performances of Ba5.46 -CL (5.46 mmol·cm-3, 0.8 mm) was comparable to Pb plate (54.54 mmol·cm-3, 0.1 mm) in incident of 59.6 keV. In addition to the advantages of low density and softness tensile and tear strength of HZ-CL. Therefore, HZ-CL shows well application prospects for the prevention the damage of γ-rays.
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