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汽车内饰材料中的阻燃剂和阻燃标准概述及其问题探讨

Summary of Flame Retardants and Flame Retardant Standards in Automobile Interior Materials and Discussion on their Problems

  • 摘要: 随着中国汽车产业年产销突破3000万辆大关,汽车内饰材料的阻燃安全性已成为行业核心议题。自上世纪80年代起,卤系、磷系、氮系、金属氢氧化物、硼系、锑系等阻燃剂被相继用于汽车内饰材料。近年来,阻燃剂的应用正逐步趋向于环保化、可持续化方向发展。阻燃剂是影响内饰材料阻燃性能的主要因素之一。阻燃标准则是影响阻燃结果的另一主要因素,尤其是是否使用支撑线。对于阻燃结果的评判,各个国家/主机厂有不同的阻燃标准。最后,从环保、可持续、经济成本、法律法规四个方面指出锑系阻燃剂的局限性,并建议车企降低锑在内饰材料中的添加,亦或是加速开发使用其它阻燃体系。

     

    Abstract: With the annual production and sales of China automobile industry exceeding 30 million vehicles, the flame retardant safety of automotive interior materials has become the core issue of the industry. Since 1980s, flame retardants such as halogen, phosphorus, nitrogen, metal hydroxide, boron, and antimony have been used in automobile interior materials. Recent application of flame retardants is gradually tending to be environmentally friendly and sustainable. Flame retardants and anti-flaming test methods, especially whether the support wire is used, are two main factors that affect the flame retardant results. As for the evaluation of flame retardant results, different countries/automobile manufacturers have different flame retardant standards. Finally, the limitations of antimony-based flame retardants were pointed out from four aspects of environmental protection, sustainability, economic cost, and laws and regulations. It is suggested that automobile manufacturers reduce the addition of antimony in interior materials or accelerate the development and use of other flame retardant ystems.

     

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